ABSTRACT
For four months (1st October 2019 to 31st January 2020), fifty sputum
specimens collected from patients with suspected pneumonia in AL-Hilla
General Teaching Hospital and Babylon Hospital for Pediatric and Gynecology
in Babylon Province, Iraq. Only 10 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were
isolated and identified. Depending on the results of antibacterial susceptibility
test with 16 antibiotics by disc diffusion method, S. pneumoniae isolates have
multi-drug resistance. Full resistance(100%) against erythromycin, Penicillin
G and Amoxicillin, full sensitivity(100%) for vancomycin and moxifloxacin,
90% for each Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim and Tetracycline, 80% for each
Azithromycin and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, 70% for Clindamycin, 50% for
each Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol, 30% for Ciprofloxacin, and 20% for
each Levofloxacin, Cefepime and Meropenem. By using agar-well diffusion
method the antibacterial activity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
(TiO2NPs) against S. pneumoniae was determined in three concentrations: 20,
30, 40 ?g/ml. TiO2NPs exhibit significant antibacterial efficacy in all
concentrations while the biggest diameter of inhibition zone was measured in
the higher concentration 40 µg/ml. MIC and MBC of TiO2 Nano-particles were
evaluated by using two-fold serial dilutions method, MIC ?50 ?g/ml while MBC
?100 ?g/ml.