Systemic Immunological Responses Among Dental
Infection Patients
Zainab Khudher Ahmad Al Mahdi*, Fatima Malik Abood
Department of Microbiology, College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hilla City, Iraq
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*Corresponding author
To cite this article:
Zainab Khudher Ahmad Al Mahdi, Fatima Malik Abood. Systemic Immunological Responses Among Dental Infection Patients. International
Journal of Immunology. Vol. 9, No. 1, 2021, pp. 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.iji.20210901.12
Received: December 5, 2020; Accepted: January 12, 2021; Published: January 22, 2021
Abstract: Evaluating of some immunological responses among dental infection patients is essential in the clinical
management of oral infection. Our study considered isolation of dental infection bacteria and quantitative evaluation of serum.
IgA, IL-4, IL-7 and CD4 and CD8 molecules among dental plaque patients and control group. Oral bacteria from dental infection
patients were isolated in appropriate media and diagnosed by biochemical tests and in vitro quantitative determination of serum
IgA, IL-4, IL-7 and CD4 and CD8 molecules using ELISA technique. Single and mixed bacterial isolates were noted, mixed
infection were (59.25%), the nature of bacteria was Gram positive cocci Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pyogenes and
Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactocacilli spps, in addition to Gram negative rods black- pigmented bacteria, Klebsilla pneumonia,
and Esherishia coli. Serum IgA was higher in patients (368.8±182.5) ng\ml than in control group (319.92±79.26) ng\ml. Serum
IL-4 was higher patients (285.33±86.12) pg/ml than in control group (257.7±94.14) pg\ml. Serum IL-7 was higher in control
group (19.59±4.14) pg/ml than in dental plaque patients (17.98±3.18) pg /ml. Serum CD4 molecules was higher in control group
(1.371±0.5242) ng/ml than in dental plaque patients (1.326±0.1292) ng/ml. Serum CD8 molecules shows non-significant
elevation in patients group 0.5825±0.02717 (ng\ml) than in control group 0.51±0.01643 (ng\ml) P?0.05. Mean of the CD4/CD8
ratio was higher 2.783±1.126 in control group while it was 2.355±0.24 in dental plaque patients, however the differences were
non-significant (P?0.05). The present study conclude that the bacteria isolated from dental infection patients were mixed more
than single infection, there were non-significant elevation in IgA, IL-4, and CD8 in patients while IL-7 and CD4 was lower in
patients group than in control group, while CD4\CD8 ratio were lower in patients group, these result reflect the fact that mucosal
antigen induce systemic tolerance to some extent since these bacteria present in oral cavity in early childhood. Therefor removing
these bacteria always the best way to prevent such infections.
Keywords: Dental Infection, Immune Response, Cytokine, Oral Bacteria