Thalassemia is one of the most dangerous disease. It is an inherited of hemoglobin production , in which there is partial or complete failure of the synthesis of goblin chain .The samples were collected from patients whom consulted the "Thalassemia Center" in the Babylon Hospital – Babylon Governorate – Iraq for the care and treatment thalassemia patients during the period of January 2011 to May 2011 . 50(30male and 20 female ) subjects with beta thalassemia major were included .Serum levels of Sodium, potassium ,Calcium ,Iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity , and Ferritin were measured .The finding were compared with 40 (25male and 15 female) matched healthy controls. A significant increase in levels of potassium, Calcium ,and Iron (p<0.005) and ferittin (p<0.001). Non significant increase in the sodium and total iron binding capacity levels were found in the patients when compared with controls .It has been concluded that thalassemic patients presented multiple abnormalities due to repeated transfusion , iron overload ,hepatitis ,cardiac and renal dysfunction.