Abstract
Change detection is one of the most widely used processing techniques in remote
sensing. It is a process of identifying differences in the state of a geographic feature
or phenomenon by monitoring at different times. In order to detect the changes in a
phenomenon, the function Water Index (WI) is used to identify changes in water
content of the marsh during different periods of time. Landsat satellite data is used
of sensors MSS for the years 1974 &1992 and sensors TM 1984 and ETM sensors
for the years 2003, 2006, 2009 By using Arc GIS software, the results are converted
to thematic maps which represent water index coefficient through multiple years, as
well as the use of Erase tool in the toolbox in the Arc GIS software, in order to find
out the increase and decrease of the water content of the Marsh during the past
years. The results showed that there is an increase in the area of the marsh in 1974
and 1984 and 1992 with an areas 210, 237, 219 km2 , respectively and a decrease in
2003, 2006 and 2009 of 52, 58, 74 km2, respectively.