عنوان البحث(Papers / Research Title)
Rapid Identification of Human Adenoviruses and Cytokine Estimation Among Patients with Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis in Babylon Governorate, Iraq
الناشر \ المحرر \ الكاتب (Author / Editor / Publisher)
نيران كاظم فرهود الربيعي
Citation Information
نيران,كاظم,فرهود,الربيعي ,Rapid Identification of Human Adenoviruses and Cytokine Estimation Among Patients with Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis in Babylon Governorate, Iraq , Time 29/03/2021 17:10:52 : كلية طب حمورابي
وصف الابستركت (Abstract)
The present study aimed to detect of HAdVs in conjunctival swabs of patients with keratoconjunctivitis
الوصف الكامل (Full Abstract)
Background: The first to describe Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis was James Sanders is an English physician. EKC, commonly known as pink eye, shipyard conjunctivitis, Sanders, disease and Sanders-Hogan syndrome. The form of EKC occurred during World War II was Shipyard disease or shipyard eye. EKC is one of the most common causes of acute conjunctivitis, with distinctive clinical features such as sudden onset of acute follicular conjunctivitis, watery discharge, hyperemia, chemosis, and ipsilateral pre-auricular lymphadenopathy. Infection of human keratocytes with adenoviruses results in expression of chemokines before the beginning of viral gene expression. In terms of innate immunity, some epithelial cells release anti-microbial defens in peptides that defense against adenoviruses infection. Recently, cytokines are play physiologic roles in maintaining the ocular surface, alteration on cytokines level in tears may be reflected by extraordinary in the ocular surface.
Objective: The present study aimed to detect of HAdVs in conjunctival swabs of patients with keratoconjunctivitis by using an immunochromatography test (IC) test and detection of some interleukins profile (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-?) in tears of patients which involved in the immune response against HAdVs.
Results: One hundred seventy five conjunctival swabs were collected from patients with keratoconjunctivitis. All swabs were cultured on Blood agar and MacConkey agar, 82 positive bacterial culture isolates were excluded and 93 negative bacterial culture isolates were taken as a study samples. All 93 swabs were subjected to rapid immunochromatography test (IC) test. The results of rapid identification revealed that79 specimens (84.9%) were found positive for human adenoviruses, whereas 14 specimens (15.1%) were found negative for human adenoviruses. In addition, the results indicated that the positive rate of the IC test for specimens obtained within 1–5 days after of the onset of illness 59 (74.7%) were significantly higher than that for specimens obtained within 6–10 days after of the onset of illness 20 (25.3%) at Pvalue< 0.05. Tear samples were also collected from both (30) patients and (25) controls to estimate the tear levels of some immune parameters Interleukine-6 (IL 6), Interlukine-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) by ELISA (Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay) method .The cytokine profile showed that there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in the mean tear concentration of each (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-?) between EKC patients and control groups, and the result showed that IL-8 was the predominant cytokine released and followed by IL-6 and TNF ?.
Conclusions: The rapid diagnosis (IC test) is very necessary to provide physicians with information about the prognosis of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis disease at the patients first visit and the rapid test avoid expensive , unnecessary and ineffective antibiotic therapy. On the other hand, Cytokine profile measurement (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-?) indicates the level of IL-8 was significantly higher in tear of patients with EKC than among controls followed by IL-6, and TNF-?, which all play an important role in the pathogenesis of corneal and conjunctival inflammation and these results considered that IL-8 have a significant effect on the pathogenic process of theEKC.
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